Litiasis Renal en pacientes gestantes: diagnóstico y manejo

Autores/as

  • Juan Fernando Bonete Ontaneda Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Unidad Académica de Salud y Bienestar. Av. de las Américas y Humboldt 010107, Cuenca, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5803-0469
  • Andrés Santiago Bueno Castro Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Unidad Académica de Salud y Bienestar. Av. de las Américas y Humboldt 010107, Cuenca, Ecuador https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7581-4312

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55204/scc.v2i2.e39

Palabras clave:

cálculos renales, complicaciones del embarazo, factores de riesgo, nefrolitiasis

Resumen

Introducción: la prevalencia mundial de litiasis renal varia de 4 a 17 casos por cada 1000 habitantes y al ser considerada una enfermedad multifactorial se han estimado aspectos epidemiológicos, raciales, geográficos y hereditarios. La incidencia de cálculos en las mujeres gestantes es de 1 por cada 1500 embarazos.

Objetivo: exponer el diagnóstico y manejo de la litiasis renal en pacientes gestantes.

Desarrollo: se escogieron 34 artículos, donde encontramos que los principales factores de riesgo encontrados para la nefrolitiasis en pacientes gestantes son la edad, los antecedentes personales de nefrolitiasis, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión, la raza, el clima, la suplementación de calcio, vitamina C y D. La ecografía renal/pélvica es la modalidad de imagen inicial preferida. Se debe considerar el uso de antibióticos y el control de los síntomas con analgesia y antieméticos. La mayoría de los cálculos, alrededor del 85%, pasan espontáneamente debido, en parte, al tracto urinario normalmente dilatado en pacientes embarazadas.

Conclusiones: la urolitiasis durante el embarazo es una de las principales causas de dolor abdominal y posterior ingreso hospitalario durante el embarazo.

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Publicado

2023-10-17

Cómo citar

1.
Bonete Ontaneda JF, Bueno Castro AS. Litiasis Renal en pacientes gestantes: diagnóstico y manejo. Salud ConCienc. [Internet]. 17 de octubre de 2023 [citado 13 de diciembre de 2024];2(2):e39. Disponible en: http://saludconciencia.com.ar/index.php/scc/article/view/39

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